Dr. Maude Abbott (1869-1940)

Abbot was a physician who worked in Quebec, becoming a world authority on congenital heart ailments. The sole financial support for both herself and an invalid sister, Maude nontheless took on many unpaid research tasks and during her lifetime had over 140 titles to her credit.

Acadia

Originally, it was part of France’s American empire. Today, this area is Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and the mainland coast from the Gulf of the St. Lawrence to Maine. The first settlement was established at Port Royal in 1605 by the sieur de Monts, and the area was exchanged between France and England until the Treaty of Utrecht (1713) handed most of Acadia to Britain.

William Alexander (1577-1640)

He was a Scottish statesman, poet and scholar. He gained the support of King James VI of Scotland and I of England for his aim at acquiring a colony for Scotland. In 1621, he was granted ownership of Nova Scotia (New Scotland), the three Atlantic Provinces and the Gaspe Peninsula. Alexander’s main problem was to try and find Scots who would settle in the colony.

Algonquin

This small group of Native Canadians spoke Algonquian languages and lived along the Ottawa River. Many were killed by the Iroquois during the French and Indian War. The remaining Algonquins live in Quebec and Ontario.

Sir Hugh Allan (1810-82)

A Canadian entrepreneur, he emigrated to Montreal in 1826 where he became a partner in an ocean-going shipping line. By 1859, he was one of the wealthiest men in the province. He won the contract to deepen the St. Lawrence River in 1854. In 1862, the British Secretary for War accused him of charging excessive fares, and causing the death of many immigrants.

Annexation Manifesto (1849)

The was a Canadian proposal which argued that annexation to the United States was better than the proposed union of the colonies. Annexation would raise farm prices, lower import costs and make U.S. capital available for industrial development. The French were opposed and the U.S.A. was not interested at the time.

Apache

Members of the Athabascan linguistic group, these Native people originally lived in Canada and migrated to the south-western U.S.A.